IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENT FOR WOMEN AT KALAMAZOO COLLEGE
Report of the Task Force on Violence Against Women
Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, Michigan
June 8, 2000

It is imperative that Kalamazoo College addresses the environment for women within our community.  In October, 1999, sophomore Maggie Wardle was the murder victim of a former boyfriend in his residence hall room in DeWaters dormitory.  Following such a terrible and tragic event, it is imperative that we review our policies, procedures and educational programs and take whatever steps we can to try to avert such acts in the future.  Though we continue to address student reports of sexual harassment by peers and inappropriate and unwanted sexual activity and abusive treatment of women, we know that there are many more women students who do not report abusive behavior and do not seek the help of the judicial structure of the College or the court system.  We also know that women students who protest this demeaning, abusive and violent treatment are often subjected to personal ridicule and threats and that we are likely to be officially aware of and respond to only a minority of those incidents.

Our culture has experienced a well-documented backlash against some of the progress toward equality in the past twenty years.  Attitudes, images, and speech that objectify, demean, and threaten women have become distressingly more acceptable.  We must realize that the Kalamazoo College community is not isolated from larger societal and cultural trends.  Women students here report feeling unsafe and unequal, as they do in the world beyond the campus.  Our mission is "to prepare (our) graduates to better understand, live successfully within, and provide enlightened leadership to a richly diverse and increasingly complex world."  We must achieve this for our students regardless of gender.  By addressing several areas, we can help women feel that they, too, are the full beneficiaries of the incredible education that Kalamazoo College offers.

The Task Force on Violence Against Women has worked this year to better understand the institutional practices and policies that interfere with a healthy environment for our women students and to encourage programs, activities and reviews that could be helpful.  The position of the Task Force is that these educational activities must be embedded in the very fabric of our College for institutional change to occur.  Thus while it may not look like the Task Force has done great things this year, we are proud of the activities that others developed this year to address the issues of violence, which were supported and encouraged by the Task Force to begin this "embedding" process.

The recommendations of the Task Force stem from discussions of the Task Force on Violence Against Women, concerns raised by the Women's Equity Coalition (WEC) and the Women's Resources Center (WRC), concerns expressed by the Women's Studies Faculty, concerns raised by the family of Maggie Wardle, suggestions by a consultant from the National Center for Higher Education Risk Management, and concerns of the Student Development staff.  We intend for this outline of proposed activities to provide the focus for continued work by the Task Force and for a proposal for a federal Grant to Combat Violent Crimes Against Women on Campuses under the Violence Against Women Act coordinated by the national Violence Against Women Office of the U.S. Department of Justice.  The report, responding to the charge by President Jones, will also be sent to all appropriate administrators who have responsibility for areas that have been asked to provide some action by these recommendations.  Those administrators' titles are included in parentheses following each category of recommendations.

Task Force on Violence Against Women, 2000
Gail Griffin, Professor of English and Director of Women's Studies
Marilyn Maurer, Prof. of Physical Education and Director of Women's Athletics
Carolyn Newton, Professor of Biology and Associate Provost
Patricia Ponto, Director of Counseling
Danny Sledge, Dean of Students
Heidi Fahrenbacher, Sophomore
Catherine James, Senior
Stephanie Schrift, Sophomore
Marilyn LaPlante, Vice President for Experiential Education and Chair


Things in Place to Address Concerns
1.A Task Force on Violence Against Women charged by the President of the College to organize and make clear a College-wise focus on these issues.
2.A newly created half-time position for a Women's Resources Coordinator to help with programming across campus on the topics of concern to and about women.
3.A curriculum in Women's Studies to provide courses and special programs on these topics.
4.A Student Development staff knowledgeable about women's issues and dedicated to educating others so that appropriate changes can occur to make the environment more hospitable to women.
5.The student organizations, WEC (Women's Equity Coalition) and WRC (Women's Resources Center) that sponsor special programs and collect materials for all students on topics of interest to women.
6.A student organization, Men Against Gender Bias, that devotes itself to educating men about the issues of gender bias and encouraging them to combat it in their daily lives.
7.A judicial system that has special procedures to address sexual misconduct and an automatic dismissal penalty for proven sexual assault.
8.Social policies for students that define, prohibit or control sexual harassment, discriminatory harassment, alcohol use, drug use, sexual conduct, assault and abusive behavior, weapons, and team initiations.
9.A First-Year Experience that provides support to new students and delivers materials and programs on topics of transition from home to college.
10.Protocols for responding to victims of sexual assault, suicide gestures, hate-crimes, and violence.
11.Significant library and media materials on the broad topics of gender issues, violence, women's studies, women's issues, etc., and a staff willing to purchase new materials as requested.
12.Students, faculty and staff who are interested in the topic and willing to work to eliminate violence within our community.
13.A faculty development fund that enables faculty to participate in conferences and workshops on topics in order to bring back new ideas for courses and the community. 

Actions Taken During the 1999-2000 Academic Year to Improve the Environment for Women
1.At the beginning of Winter Quarter, President named a Task Force on Violence Against Women charging the committee with seeking "in the broadest possible term, ways in which violence against women can be addressed on our campus," and expecting from them recommendations for new and revised policies and educational programs "that help us understand, confront and eliminate the behaviors that shape this particular form of violence."
2.The WEC and WRC sponsored their annual weeklong focus on domestic violence.
3.Pamphlets on stalking and sexual assault were distributed on campus during Domestic Violence Awareness Week.
4.A lecture by Susan Brownmiller on violence against women was also a fundraiser to support the Kalamazoo YWCA Domestic Assault Program.
5.A group of male students and faculty organized a discussion on the topic of men addressing violence against women.  That group then organized themselves into a student organization, Men Against Gender Bias.
6.The Men Against Gender Bias held a residential life program on the topic of violence against women that included a discussion of the female perspective on violence against women and the male perspective of violence against women.
7.A coalition of student organizations under the leadership of one student organized a concert with proceeds donated to a local agency to use to address domestic violence.  An educational effort was offered in the lobby of Hicks as tickets were sold.
8.A second student organization sponsored a dance to collect money to donate to the Kalamazoo YWCA Domestic Assault Program.
9.The Campus Life Committee began planning for Violence against Women Awareness Day to be held in the Fall Quarter of 2000-2001.  The CLC will implement this first program and then the Women's Studies Program will assume continued annual responsibility for it.  WE hope it can become as strong and effective as its model, the Martin Luther King Jr. celebration.
10.The Women's Studies Program sponsored a talk by Sue William Silverman, author of "Because I Remember Terror, Father I Remember You."
11.WS 600 (a spring course) committed to the topic violence against women.
12.Gail Griffin, Director of Women's Studies, updated an information sheet on Dating Violence Awareness and that was distributed on campus and will be used during the orientation program in the fall.
13.Special materials will be distributed in the summer mailings to entering students and to parents of both entering and continuing students.
14.The Director of the First-Year Experience has started planning for a program for first-year students to be offered in the fall.
15.Two resident advisors were added to the residential system to add a greater student staff presence in the new residence system.
16.A new half-time position has been created to add support to the residential life program with particular emphasis on RA training program to help RAs address more effectively the understanding of and response to violent behavior in the residence system.
17.President Jones authorized a new half-time position to focus on addressing women's issues.  That position will be housed in Student Development and will be staffed starting in Fall, 2000-2001.  The new person will help to develop specific programs on campus on issues of importance to women and will support others who are offering the same type of programs.
18.The Residence Life staff went though a special training session on domestic violence.  That session will be incorporated into the RA training program to help RAs address more effectively the understanding of and response to violent behavior in the residence system.
19.The Women's Golf Team created a book bag patch in memory of Maggie Wardle, a member of the team, to remind students to end violence against women.
20.The Student Development staff and members of the Task Force on Violence Against Women worked with a consultant on reviewing our judicial procedures and our protocol for responding to incidents of sexual misconduct.  Rewriting our policies and procedures will be done during the summer.
21.Two faculty members arranged for internationally known author and speaker, Marianne Williamson, to speak on the topic of healing a community.
22.Funding has been made available to support the increase in counseling hours available to students.
23.We have agreed to develop a handbook for women.  That will likely be started as independent materials and then developed into a complete handbook as a SIP project for one of our students.
24.We will work with the GLCA Women's Studies Committee to discuss the possibility of offering the next GLCA Women's Studies conference at Kalamazoo College with a special focus on addressing violence against women on college campuses.

Actions We Could Take to Improve Our Community

ADVISORY STRUCTURE (President Jones)
The Task Force on Violence Against Women provides a campus-wide focus on these very specific issues and can work to embed the recommended activities into the on-going structure of the College.  Only when that is accomplished will we see the institutional change that signifies an environment that is safe for women, is concerned about their particular needs, and is peopled with enlightened men and women.  We recommend that the Task Force be continued for at least three more years and expanded to include Dr. Carol Anderson (representative from Women's Studies), Andrea Plevak (sophomore), Dawne Bell (senior), and the Women's Resources Coordinator (yet to be appointed).  To be most effective, the Task Force should also include a representative from the (Kalamazoo) YWCA Domestic Violence Assault Program who can keep the College representatives in tune with national and community issues and a representative from the Kalamazoo judicial system who can help the College coordinate with the judicial system to use full legal opportunities to help eliminate crimes against women.  At the conclusion of the three year time frame for the Task Force, the members should review the impact of their work on encouraging real institutional change and might, at that time, suggest the continuation of the Task Force or some other advisory body that could be beneficial to the on-going activities of the College.

JUDICIAL SYSTEM
(Dean of Students, Associate Dean of Students for Residential Life)
Our students report that the system is intimidating and that it is difficult to know to whom to speak when reporting an incident that might be a violation of one of our policies.  We do not have a stalking policy though that is one of the major crimes of violence against women and we have had a few incidents.  Students do not see that there are resources to help free themselves from abusive relationships.  Students do not feel that the sexual harassment and discriminatory harassment policies inhibit intimidating activities by others.  The statement of the process is too legalistic to clearly define it within an educational context and set it apart from the court system.
ACTIONS:
1.Rewrite the process to improve its effectiveness.
·Rewrite the procedural sections to make them more "user friendly" and remove the legalistic language
·Rewrite the student rights of the hearing process as separate lists for the complainant and for the person accused to clarify the differences.
·State more explicitly the educational context in which the judicial system operates.
·Use videotape as the transcript for a sexual conduct hearing to provide more information for the appeal process.
·State explicitly that students may invite an expert witness in cases of sexual conduct violations.
·Develop an option for an administrative panel to hear complaints of sexual assault to remove the barrier of concern about confidentiality.
·Include a recommendation in cases of sexual assault, domestic violence, or stalking that students file criminal charges as well as institutional changes and outline the process for such action.
2.Improve access to the judicial process.
·Develop a clearly defined and more effective access route for making a complaint, particularly for women who have been victimized.
a)Clarify the types of complaints that go to the Dean of Students, those that go to the Provost, and those that go to specific administrative offices.
b)Develop an "ombudsman type of role" to hold the initial discussion of a complaint with a student, provide an advisory relationship to the complainant, and route the complainant to the appropriate authority as defined above.
c)Name a female staff or faculty person as the first access to students reporting complaints of sexual harassment, sexual assault, violent relationships, and safety concerns.
d)Develop, train, and publicize the names of a specific group of faculty and staff to whom students can turn for guidance when they have been victimized.
·State clearly that there is no time limit for reporting crimes of violence to eliminate a barrier that often impedes the reporting of a sexual conduct violation.
·Do not extend the option of mediation to sexual assault hearings.
3.Develop important policies and procedures.
·Add a section to the social polices that defines the crimes of violence against women and include the appropriate specific policies within that section.
·Expand the "Assault and Assaultive Behavior" policy with examples and specific penalties for the most serious forms of abuse.
·Expand the "Posting of Signs" policy to ban the posting of pornographic images and messages in public areas of the campus.
·Develop a policy against stalking, including cyberstalking.
·Expand the jurisdiction of the judicial system to include students who have paid deposits for admission but are not yet enrolled and for six months beyond graduation to graduates of the College who committed a violation while enrolled.
4.Improve the training process for people involved in the judicial process.
·Train the members of the Judicial Council and the Harassment Advisory Board to better understand how gender issues impact the disciplinary system and how to help women have access to the system.

ADDRESSING FIRST YEAR STUDENTS
(Associate Provost for First-Year Experience, Dean of Students)
Both males and females are arriving at college with less understanding of gender issues and needing more directed and effective education on this topic.  It is essential to work with entering students very quickly on some of the topics, because unwanted sexual attention and rape can occur within the first few days of the opening of a new quarter and the arrival of new students.
ACTIONS:
1.Prepare informational material that can be sent to prospective new students in the summer mailing describing the potential for unwanted sexual attention, rape, and other crimes of violence against women.  Perhaps this should be written expressly for men and for women.
2.Prepare informational material of the same sort as above but written for parents to encourage them to help their sons and daughters to prepare more effectively to deal with this type of negative activity.
3.Develop a First-Year Forum on gender issues, safety and the policies that define that expected behavior of our students.
4.Hold separate residence hall meetings for women and men to discuss the residential policies that address gender issues and safety for students in the halls.
5.Create and deliver handy reference lists of phone numbers to report sexual assault, hot line to talk about suicidal thoughts, Security office, Kalamazoo Department of Public Safety (KDPS).

SECURITY
(Dean of Students, Director of Security)
Women report a lack of confidence in the security staff understanding the particular needs and concerns of women about their safety and welfare.
ACTIONS:
1.Add new security officer positions so that there are at least two officers on duty at all critical times of the night.
2.Develop a training session for new security officers on the impact of gender issues in safety and security.
3.Review the concept of a "Safe Walk" program and incorporate some version of it under the umbrella of the Security program.
4.Put "call-box" phones in the residence hall lounges, hallway near the Counseling Office and the BSO room in Hicks (Student Center), lobby of the Light Fine Arts building, inside entrance of library, inside entrance of Olds-Upton, unless there are currently campus phones available in a public space within a building.

PUBLIC INFORMATION
(Dean of Students, Director of Information Services)
Students need more visible reminders of contact people, how to handle emergency situations, serious societal problems that occur on campus, etc.
ACTIONS:
1.Place signs in computer labs defining the use of the computer to download pornographic material and giving information about how to respond.
2.Place information in computer labs about the definition and prohibition of computer stalking.
3.Laminate and affix posters in bathrooms naming contact people, the process for reporting sexual assault and protective steps to take following an assualt. 
4.Provide more public information about suicide prevention and telephone number of the 24-hour Suicide Prevention Help Line.
5.Place more signs around campus on topics of alcohol and sexual assault, violence in relationships, "date-rape" drugs, stalking, hate crimes, etc.
6.Do a poster campaign designed to break the code of silence that many students adhere to.
7.Develop a women's resources handbook that will include information about gender issues, resource available to women, community agencies that address women's issues and provide community resources, safety procedures, etc.
8.Counseling staff develop materials that identify symptoms of alcohol use, suicidal thoughts, eating disorders, abusive relationships, etc., that help a student to know when to seek help for a friend.

PROGRAMMING
(Dean of Students, Associate Dean of Students for Residential Life, Dean for Experiential Education and Director of Career Development, Dean of the Chapel, Director of Counseling)
ACTIONS:
1.Arrange for 2-3 LAC events each year on topics of violence, gender issues, and safety.
2.Offer men-to-men dialogues on a regular basis.
3.Work with the coaching staff to involve athletes in the various program opportunities and men-to-men dialogues.
4.Counseling staff offer one "For Men Mainly" and "For Women Mainly" program on a regular basis.
5.Residential Life staff offer programs on related topics on a regular basis.
6.Student Life Staff offer on a regular basis programs on how to talk with others about differences.
7.Career Development staff offer on a regular basis, programs on sexual harassment in the workplace.
8.Implement the annual weeklong program to address Violence Against Women.

CURRICULUM
(Provost, Director of Women's Studies, Director of Women's Athletics)
ACTIONS:
1.Add a regular offering on the topic of violence against women in the Women's Studies curriculum.
2.Add a women's self-defense class for PE (Physical Education) credit.

OTHER
(Dean of Students, Vice President for Business and Finance, Associate Dean of Students for Residential Life)
ACTIONS:
1.Redesign the Judicial Policies and Procedures area of the College website to make it easier to locate the specific policies and procedures one needs.
2.Use the College website as a source of interactive information about important student issues such as sexual intimacy and abuse, relationship abuse, suicide, alcohol abuse, etc.
3.Design specific protocols for responding to a student concern about sexual assault that can be distributed to faculty, to RAs, to work supervisors, to friends, to health center and counseling center staff, to student development staff, etc. 
4.Add a section on "Managing the Grieving Process" to the Emergency Protocol for Responding to the Death of a Student or Faculty.

FUNDING (President Jones)
ACTIONS:
1.Continue funding for the half-time position of Women's Resources Coordinator.
2.Provide a budget for the Coordinator to use to help fund special request programs.
3.Increase program budgets in Counseling, Residential Life, Dean of Students office, Student Commission, Security, specifically to add programs on the topics of materials suggested above.
4.Increase the program budget in Women's Studies to enable the expansion of the curriculum to out-of-class programming.
5.Increase the staff in Counseling to provide specific counseling on women's issues and violence against women.
6.Provide a budget for the annual Violence Against Women week.


END
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ON CAMPUS


Photo by Maggie Wardle